How to display multilevel one to many relationship tree - php

How to loop all records and display all the respective children using HTML <ul></ul>? I tried using PHP Do While but stuck at only 1 level.
MySQL (select * from user)
Desired output
Tree View
List View

The easy was is to do that with the help of array. Hope it helps.
$data = array();
foreach ($result as $item) {
$key = $item['name']; // or $item['info_id']
if (!isset($data[$key])) {
$data[$key] = array();
}
$data[$key][] = $item;
}

You can use this code:
$aResults; // it is your mysql result (array)
$resultSorted = array();
$resultSorted = recursiveList($aResults, '');
function recursiveList(&$aResults, $iKey)
{
$aChilds = '<ul>';
foreach ($aResults as $iLoopKey => $aResult) {
if ($aResult['parent'] == $iKey) {
unset($aResults[$iLoopKey]);
$aChilds .= '<li>' . $aResult['name'] . '</li>';
$aChilds .= recursiveList($aResults, $aResult['name']);
}
}
return $aChilds . '</ul>';
}
// Output example
echo '<pre>';
print_r($resultSorted);
As a result, I recived:
Also you'd better use 'parent_id' instead 'parent' in yours tables.

Related

Processing xml file

I have the following xml file:
row category="1" category_name="CatA" entry_id="1" entry_name="A1"
row category="1" category_name="CatA" entry_id="2" entry_name="A2"
row category="1" category_name="CatA" entry_id="3" entry_name="A3"
row category="2" category_name="CatB" entry_id="4" entry_name="B1"
row category="2" category_name="CatB" entry_id="5" entry_name="B2"
row category="2" category_name="CatB" entry_id="6" entry_name="B3"
row category="3" category_name="CatC" entry_id="7" entry_name="C1"
row category="4" category_name="CatD" entry_id="8" entry_name="D1"
and I want to produce below html:
CatA
----A1
----A2
----A3
CatB
----B1
----B2
----B3
CatC
----C1
CatD
----D1
for this I am using below php xml parser:
$ndeshjet=simplexml_load_file("xml_file.xml");
$new_category = 1;
foreach ($ndeshjet->row as $entry) {
$category = $entry['category'];
if ($category <> $new_category){
$category_name = $entry['category_name'];
echo $category_name."</br>";
$new_category = $category;
} else {
$entry_name = $entry['entry_name'];
echo "----".$entry_name."</br>";
}
}
?>
but the result is :
----A1
----A2
----A3
CatB
CatB
CatB
CatC
CatD
Thanks in advance
As an alternative, you could gather all the values first inside an array and make the category name as key pushing same keys inside. After thats done and gathered, print them accordingly:
$categories = array();
// gather inside container
foreach ($ndeshjet->row as $entry) {
$category_name = (string) $entry->attributes()->category_name;
$entry_name = (string) $entry->attributes()->entry_name;
$categories[$category_name][] = $entry_name;
}
// presentation
foreach($categories as $category_name => $entries) {
echo $category_name . '<br/>';
foreach($entries as $entry) {
echo '----' . $entry . '<br/>';
}
}
Sample Output

Parent-child navigation generation from tree array in PHP

Following function arranges the array totally wrong. Have you noticed any wrong piece of code in following function?
function buildHtmlList($array)
{
$maxlevel = 0;
foreach ($array as $key => $value)
{
$previousparent = isset($array[$key - 1]['parent']) ? $array[$key - 1]['parent'] : null;
$nextparent = isset($array[$key + 1]['parent']) ? $array[$key + 1]['parent'] : null;
if ($value['parent'] != $previousparent)
{
echo "\n<ul>";
++$maxlevel;
}
echo "\n<li>" . $value['name'];
if ($nextparent == $value['parent'])
echo "</li>";
}
for ($i = 0; $i < $maxlevel; ++$i)
{
echo "\n</li>\n</ul>";
}
}
It arranges the array totally wrong. Have you noticed any wrong piece of code in following function?
The wrong piece is the whole logic of the function. You treat the array as a flat list (as it is!), however, you'd like to display a tree.
As a flat list can't be displayed as a tree, you need to change the flat list to a tree first and then write a function that displays a tree.
An example how to convert a flat array to a tree/multidimensional one is available in a previous answer.
Try something like this (where $array is formatted like your example):
$corrected_array = array();
// This loop groups all of your entries by their parent
foreach( $array as $row)
{
$corrected_array[ $row['parent'] ][] = $row['name'];
}
// This loop outputs the children of each parent
foreach( $corrected_array as $parent => $children)
{
echo '<ul>';
foreach( $children as $child)
{
echo '<li>' . $child . '</li>';
}
echo '</ul>';
}
Demo

Help with PHP loop

Suppose I have a multi-dimensional array of the form:
array
(
array('Set_ID' => 1, 'Item_ID' => 17, 'Item_Name' = 'Whatever'),
array('Set_ID' => 1, 'Item_ID' => 18, 'Item_Name' = 'Blah'),
array('Set_ID' => 2, 'Item_ID' => 19, 'Item_Name' = 'Yo')
)
The array has more sub-arrays, but that's the basic form-- Items in Sets.
How can I loop through this array so that I can echo the number of items in each set along with the all the items like so:
Set 1 has 2 Items: 17: Whatever and 18: Blah
Set 2 has 1 Items: 19: Yo
I'm aware that this could be done with two loops-- one to build an array, and another to loop through that array. However, I'd like to do this all with only one loop.
In your answer, you should assume that there are two display functions
display_set($id, $count) //echo's "Set $id has $count Items"
display_item($id, $name) //echo's "$id: $name"
UPDATE: Forgot to mention that the data is sorted by Set_ID because its from SQL
Right, all the examples below rely on an ordered set, the OP states it is ordered initially, but if needed a sort function could be:
// Sort set in to order
usort($displaySet,
create_function('$a,$b',
'return ($a['Set_ID'] == $b['Set_ID']
? ($a['Set_ID'] == $b['Item_ID']
? 0
: ($a['Item_ID'] < $b['Item_ID']
? -1
: 1))
: ($a['Set_ID'] < $b['Set_ID'] ? -1 : 1));'));
Straight example using a single loop:
// Initialise for the first set
$cSetID = $displaySet[0]['Set_ID'];
$cSetEntries = array();
foreach ($displaySet as $cItem) {
if ($cSetID !== $cItem['Set_ID']) {
// A new set has been seen, display old set
display_set($cSetID, count($cSetEntries));
echo ": " . implode(" and ", $cSetEntries) . "\n";
$cSetID = $cItem['Set_ID'];
$cSetEntries = array();
}
// Store item display for later
ob_start();
display_item($cItem['Item_ID'], $cItem['Item_Name');
$cSetEntries[] = ob_get_clean();
}
// Perform last set display
display_set($cSetID, count($cSetEntries));
echo ": " . implode(" and ", $cSetEntries) . "\n";
Using a recursive function it could be something like this:
// Define recursive display function
function displayItemList($itemList) {
if (!empty($itemList)) {
$cItem = array_shift($itemList);
display_item($cItem['Item_ID'], $cItem['Item_Name');
if (!empty($itemList)) {
echo " and ";
}
}
displayItemList($itemList);
}
// Initialise for the first set
$cSetID = $displaySet[0]['Set_ID'];
$cSetEntries = array();
foreach ($displaySet as $cItem) {
if ($cSetID !== $cItem['Set_ID']) {
// A new set has been seen, display old set
display_set($cSetID, count($cSetEntries));
echo ": ";
displayItemList($cSetEntries);
echo "\n";
$cSetID = $cItem['Set_ID'];
$cSetEntries = array();
}
// Store item for later
$cSetEntries[] = $cItem;
}
// Perform last set display
display_set($cSetID, count($cSetEntries));
echo ": ";
displayItemList($cSetEntries);
echo "\n";
Amusingly, it can be one single recursive function:
function displaySetList($setList, $itemList = NULL) {
// First call, start process
if ($itemList === NULL) {
$itemList = array(array_shift($setList));
displaySetList($setList, $itemList);
return;
}
// Check for display item list mode
if ($setList === false) {
// Output first entry in the list
$cItem = array_shift($itemList);
display_item($cItem['Item_ID'], $cItem['Item_Name']);
if (!empty($itemList)) {
// Output the next
echo " and ";
displaySetList(false, $itemList);
} else {
echo "\n";
}
return;
}
if (empty($setList) || $setList[0]['Set_ID'] != $itemList[0]['Set_ID']) {
// New Set detected, output set
display_set($itemList[0]['Set_ID'], count($itemList));
echo ": ";
displaySetList(false, $itemList);
$itemList = array();
}
// Add next item and carry on
$itemList[] = array_shift($setList);
displaySetList($setList, $itemList);
}
// Execute the function
displaySetList($displaySet);
Note that the recursive example here is grossly inefficient, a double loop is by far the quickest.
<?php
$sets = array();
foreach ($items as $item)
{
if (!array_key_exists($item['Set_ID'], $sets))
{
$sets[$item['Set_ID']] = array();
}
$sets[$item['Set_ID']][] = $item;
}
foreach ($sets as $setID => $items)
{
echo 'Set ' . $setID . ' has ' . count($items) . ' Items: ';
foreach ($items as $item)
{
echo $item['Item_ID'] . ' ' . $item['Item_Name'];
}
}
?>
Something like this i guess?
EDIT:
After i posted this i saw the display functions where added. But you get the point.
The need to not print out any items until we know how many there are in the set makes this difficult. At some point, we'll need to doing some buffering, or else backtracking. However, if I'm allowed internal loops, and sets are contiguous in the "master" array, then with some hacking around:
$set = 0;
$items;
foreach ($arr as $a) {
if ($a['Set_ID'] != $set) {
if ($set != 0) {
display_set($set, count($items));
foreach ($items as $i)
display_item($i)
}
$set = $a['Set_ID'];
$items = array();
}
$items[] = $a;
}
How about this:
$previous_set = false;
$items = '';
$item_count = 0;
foreach ($rows as $row)
{
if ($row['Set_ID'] != $previous_set)
{
if ($previous_set)
{
echo display_set($row['Set_ID'], $item_count);
echo $items;
}
$previous_class = $row['Set_ID'];
$item_count = 0;
$items = '';
}
$items .= display_item($row['Item_ID'], $row['Title']);
$item_count++;
}
echo display_set($row['Set_ID'], $item_count);
echo $items;

how to change a while sql query loop into an array loop

i record number of queries of my website and in page the below script runs , 40 extra queries added to page .
how can I change this sql connection into a propper and light one
function tree_set($index)
{
//global $menu; Remove this.
$q=mysql_query("select id,name,parent from cats where parent='$index'");
if(mysql_num_rows($q) === 0)
{
return;
}
// User $tree instead of the $menu global as this way there shouldn't be any data duplication
$tree = $index > 0 ? '<ul>' : ''; // If we are on index 0 then we don't need the enclosing ul
while($arr=mysql_fetch_assoc($q))
{
$subFileCount=mysql_query("select id,name,parent from cats where parent='{$arr['id']}'");
if(mysql_num_rows($subFileCount) > 0)
{
$class = 'folder';
}
else
{
$class = 'file';
}
$tree .= '<li>';
$tree .= '<span class="'.$class.'">'.$arr['name'].'</span>';
$tree .=tree_set("".$arr['id']."");
$tree .= '</li>'."\n";
}
$tree .= $index > 0 ? '</ul>' : ''; // If we are on index 0 then we don't need the enclosing ul
return $tree;
}
//variable $menu must be defined before the function call
$menu = '....<ul id="browser" class="filetree">'."\n";
$menu .= tree_set(0);
$menu .= '</ul>';
echo $menu;
i heard , this can be done by changing it into an array , but i don't know how to do so
thanks in advance
Try this (untested code):
function tree_set($index)
{
//global $menu; Remove this.
$q=mysql_query("select id,name,parent from cats where parent='$index'");
if(mysql_num_rows($q) === 0)
return;
$cats = array();
$cat_ids = array();
while($arr=mysql_fetch_assoc($q))
{
$id = intval($arr['id']);
$cats[$id] = $arr;
}
$subFilesCountQuery="select parent,count(*) as subFileCount from cats where parent=".
join(" OR parent=",array_keys($cats))." GROUP BY parent";
$subFileCountResult=mysql_query($subFilesCountQuery);
while($arr=mysql_fetch_assoc($subFileCountResult))
{
$id = intval($arr['parent']);
$cats[$id]['subFileCount'] = $arr['subFileCount'];
}
// If we are on index 0 then we don't need the enclosing ul
$tree = $index > 0 ? '<ul>' : '';
foreach($cats as $id => $cat)
{
if($cat['subFileCount'] > 0)
$class = 'folder';
else
$class = 'file';
$tree .= '<li>';
$tree .= '<span class="'.$class.'">'.$arr['name'].'</span>';
$tree .=tree_set("".$arr['id']."");
$tree .= '</li>'."\n";
}
$tree .= $index > 0 ? '</ul>' : '';
What I'm doing is two queries: One to fetch all the categories (your original first query) followed by a second query to fetch all the subcategory counts in one fell swoop. I am also storing all categories in an array which you can loop through, rather than displaying as you fetch from the database.
It can be done by copying your data out into an array, and then using that copy: i.e.
while($arr=mysql_fetch_assoc($q))
{
$results[] = $arr;
}
later on, you then do whatever op you want on $results
The main problem with your code is you are mixing your display logic all in with your SQL query.
Select whole tree in single query, like "select id,name,parent from cats". Iterate on result, build array in PHP that will represent your tree, then draw HTML using array as source

how to loop over looped elements in Php?

I'm creating a tree-structure of categories with parentid's which can be called from children in such a way:
ID | Name | ParentID
1 1 0
2 2 1
3 3 2
4 4 1
Resulting in this:
1 = 1
2 = 1 -> 2
3 = 1 -> 2 -> 3
4 = 1 -> 4
which means 3 is a child of 2, which is a child of 1.
when trying to get this idea (with the -> to show what relations are set) I only get to the second grade (1 -> 2) but not to the third (1->2->3) because of the looping function I use for it.
//put all ID's in an array
while ($row2 = $connector->fetchArray($result2)){
$id = $row2['ID'];
$parents[$id] = $row2['name'];
}
// show the tree-structure
while ($row = $connector->fetchArray($result)){
if($row['parentid']!=0)echo $parents[$row['parentid']].' -> ';
echo $row['name'].' - ';
echo '<br>';
}
I'd like two things to change:
have the code automatically generate a tree sized as necessary.
in the while-loops i have to select the $result twice (once as $result, once as $result2) to make it work. these $result's have exactly the same database-query:SELECT ID,name,parentid FROM categories
to fetch results from. I'd like to only declare this once.
Thanks for all the good answers. I've gone with the easiest, less-code-to-implement approach:
$result = $connector->query('SELECT ID,name,parentid FROM categories');
// Get an array containing the results.
$parents = array();
while ($row = $connector->fetchArray($result)){
$id = $row['ID'];
$parents[$id] = array('ID' => $row['ID'],'name' => $row['name'],'parentid' => $row['parentid']);
}
foreach ($parents as $id => $row){
$pid=$id;
$arrTmp= array();
do { // iterate through all parents until top is reached
$arrTmp[]=$pid;
$pid = $parents[$pid]['parentid'];
}while ($pid != 0);
$arrTmp = array_reverse($arrTmp);
foreach($arrTmp as $id){
echo $parents[$id]['name'].' -> ';
}
echo '<br>';
}
Rather than have PHP organize the items into a tree, why not ask the database to do it for you? I found this article on hierarchical data to be very good and the examples are almost identical to yours.
EDIT
The SQL for getting the full tree using the Adjacency Model is not ideal. As the article explains it requires rather a lot of joins for even a small hierarchy. Is it not possible for you to use the Nested Set approach? The SQL stays the same regardless of the size of the hierarchy and INSERT and DELETE shouldn't be very difficult either.
If you really want to do hierachies with parent ids(suitable only for small number of items/hierachies)
I modified your code a little bit(I did not test it so there may be some syntax errors):
//put all recordsets in an array to save second query
while ($row2 = $connector->fetchArray($result2)){
$id = $row2['ID'];
$parents[$id] = array('name' => $row2['name'],'parent' => $row2['parentid']);
}
// show the tree-structure
foreach ($parents as $id => $row){
$pid = $row['parentid'];
while ($pid != 0){ // iterate through all parents until top is reached
echo $parents[$pid]['name'].' -> ';
$pid = $parents[$pid]['parentid'];
}
echo $parents[$id]['name'].' - ';
echo '<br>';
}
To answer your comment:
$parents = array();
$parents[2] = array('ID'=>2,'name'=>'General','parentid'=>0);
$parents[3] = array('ID'=>3,'name'=>'Gadgets','parentid'=>2);
$parents[4] = array('ID'=>4,'name'=>'iPhone','parentid'=>3);
foreach ($parents as $id => $row){
$pid=$id;
$arrTmp= array();
do { // iterate through all parents until top is reached
$arrTmp[]=$pid;
$pid = $parents[$pid]['parentid'];
}while ($pid != 0);
$arrTmp = array_reverse($arrTmp);
foreach($arrTmp as $id){
echo $parents[$id]['name'].' -> ';
}
echo '<br>';
}
Prints out:
General ->
General -> Gadgets ->
General -> Gadgets -> iPhone ->
Maybe easier with OOP. Just sort the query by parentId
Note: The listChildren method and the printout at the bottom is just there to show it is listed correctly. I did not interpret the question that the display was important.
class Element {
public $id;
public $name;
public $parent = null;
public $children = array();
public function __construct($id, $name)
{
$this->id = $id;
$this->name = $name;
}
public function addChild($element)
{
$this->children[$element->id] = $element;
$element->setParent($this);
}
public function setParent($element)
{
$this->parent = $element;
}
public function hasChildren()
{
return !empty($this->children);
}
public function listChildren()
{
if (empty($this->children)) {
return null;
}
$out = array();
foreach ($this->children as $child) {
$data = $child->id . ':' . $child->name;
$subChildren = $child->listChildren();
if ($subChildren !== null) {
$data .= '[' . $subChildren . ']';
}
$out[] = $data;
}
return implode(',', $out);
}
}
$elements = array();
$noParents = array();
while ($row = $connector->fetchArray($result)) {
$elements[$row['id']] = $element = new Element($row['id'], $row['name']);
if (isset($elements[$row['parent']])) {
$elements[$row['parent']]->addChild($element);
} else {
$noParents[] = $element;
}
}
foreach ($noParents as $element) {
if ($element->hasChildren()) {
echo "Element {$element->id} has children {$element->listChildren()}.\n";
} else {
echo "Element {$element->id} has no children.\n";
}
}
If you are using PostgreSQL as the database, you can use the connectby() function to create the record set:
SELECT *
FROM connectby('tableName', 'id', 'parent_id')
AS t(keyid text, parent_keyid text, level int);
I love this function, and use all the time in my code. It can do some very powerful things, very quickly, and you don't have maintain the left/right values like the (adjacency model).

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