User migration fails - php

Question

1) I created User Class with make:user command:
Console image
2) I generated migration file with make:migration command.
3) Here is the up() function in migration file:
final class Version20181110133851 extends AbstractMigration
{
public function up(Schema $schema) : void
{
$this->abortIf($this->connection->getDatabasePlatform()->getName() !==
'mysql', 'Migration can only be executed safely on \'mysql\'.');
$this->addSql('ALTER TABLE user ADD email VARCHAR(180) NOT NULL, ADD roles JSON NOT NULL, CHANGE id id INT AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL, ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)');
$this->addSql('CREATE UNIQUE INDEX UNIQ_8D93D649E7927C74 ON user (email)');
}
...
}
4) This is what happens when I try to migrate to data base with doctrine:migration:migrate command
Image showing the error
and here is the content of the error:
-> ALTER TABLE user ADD email VARCHAR(180) NOT NULL, ADD roles JSON NOT
NULL, CHANGE id id INT AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL, ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)
Migration 20181110133851 failed during Execution. Error An exception
occurred while executing 'ALTER TABLE user ADD email VARCHAR(180) NOT
NULL, ADD roles JSON NOT NULL, CHANGE id id INT AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL,
ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)':
SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1064 You have an error
in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB
server version for the right syntax to use near 'JSON NOT NULL, CHANGE id
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL, ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)' at line 1
In AbstractMySQLDriver.php line 99:
An exception occurred while executing 'ALTER TABLE user ADD email
VARCHAR(180) NOT NULL, ADD roles JSON NOT NULL, CHANGE id id INT
AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL, ADD PRI
MARY KEY (id)':
SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1064 You have an error
in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB
server version for
the right syntax to use near 'JSON NOT NULL, CHANGE id id INT
AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL, ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)' at line 1
In PDOConnection.php line 109:
SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1064 You have an error
in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB
server version for
the right syntax to use near 'JSON NOT NULL, CHANGE id id INT
AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL, ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)' at line 1
In PDOConnection.php line 107:
SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1064 You have an error
in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB
server version for
the right syntax to use near 'JSON NOT NULL, CHANGE id id INT
AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL, ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)' at line 1
5) I've been trying to solve it for hours, but I am still a newbie and I don't think I am going to solve it myself.
6) My question: Where is the SYNTAX ERROR?

Answer 1

As #Padam87 said, MariaDB does not support the native JSON type. If you can't upgrade your database for whatever reason but don't want to change the column type, just define the database version in the Doctrine properties and let Doctrine handle the conversion for you.
doctrine.yaml:
doctrine:
dbal:
server_version: '10.1.36-MariaDB'
This will add a comment in the table definition which Doctrine will use later to encode/decode the values.

Answer 2

Mariadb 10.1 does not support the native json type, so you will have to use another type. Change your column definition, delete this migration, and generate a new one.
Alternatively, you can upgrade. Mariadb starts supporting the json type from 10.2.7 and up. https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/json-data-type/