Implementing http2 push method on apache php - php

I have configured my website on http2 but even after reading so many article i am unable to figure out few of its implementation.
I have removed common.css from header file of my website. and added the these lines to .htaccess file.
<IfModule http2_module>
#Check if there's a cookie saying the css has already been loaded:
SetEnvIf Cookie "cssloaded=1" cssloaded
#If no cookie, and it's an html file, then push the css file
#and set a session level cookie so next time it won't be pushed:
<filesMatch "\.([pP][hH][pP]?)">
Header add Link "</assets/css/common.css>;rel=preload;as=style" env=!cssloaded
Header add Set-Cookie "cssloaded=1; Path=/; Secure; HttpOnly" env=!cssloaded
</filesMatch>
</IfModule>
but My website is not loading common.css at all. it's breaking. My website is behind Apache server and website is fully build on codeIgniter.
I did add these to my common_head.php file too
<?php
header: header('Link: </assets/css/jquery-ui.css>; rel=preload; as=style,</assets/css/jquery.mCustomScrollbar.min.css>; rel=preload; as=style,</assets/css/slick.min.css>; rel=preload; as=style,</assets/css/slick-theme.min.css>; rel=preload; as=style,</assets/css/bootstrap.min.css>; rel=preload; as=style,</assets/css/common.css>; rel=preload; as=style,,</assets/css/jplayer.blue.monday.min.css>; rel=preload; as=style');
?>
Now i can see all the css file in inspect element and also can see initialtor Push/others but it is not applying on the page. Page is broken.
Apache server: 2.4.6
Please let me know where I am doing wrong?

That code looks familiar! Glad to know my blog post is proving useful :-)
I have removed common.css from header file of my website. and added the these lines to .htaccess file.
That’s where you went wrong. It needs to be referenced as normal in the HEAD and also pushed.
When the browser sees the common.css reference it will go to fetch it and see it’s already been pushed and just use the pushed resource.
Without reference the server will push it but the browser will just ignore it.
Note HTTP/2 Push is complicated and there’s lots of things like this where you can go wrong. See this post for more info: https://jakearchibald.com/2017/h2-push-tougher-than-i-thought/. Many are saying that it’s not worth the gains to use it, and the gains are questionable anyway as you can easily over push and cause the page to load slower rather than faster.

Related

.htaccess do not preload files on Ajax calls

I have some website running with PHP. In my .htaccess I have added the following directives:
<FilesMatch "index.php">
Header add Link "</css/bootstrap.min.css>; rel=preload; as=style"
</FilesMatch>
The websites main content is solely called via the index.php, like this https://somedomain.com or https://somedomain.com/?feature=a.
Within the website I am using Ajax to call further data, from URIs like https://somedomain.com/ajax.php?load=this.
Recently Google Chrome started throwing warnings in the dev console with every Ajax call that is done, like that:
The resource was preloaded using link preload but not used within a few seconds from the window's load event. Please make sure it has an appropriate as value and it is preloaded intentionally.
Is that a bug in Chrome or is there something wrong with my .htaccess?
Thank you.
Seems like the issue was a bug in Google Chrome. Since today Chrome doesn't throw the warning anymore.

Blocked a frame with origin from accessing a cross-origin frame in wordpress

I am working on a website, let say the website name is "https://website" (which is built on wordpress) in which I am getting the following error on console:
Uncaught DOMException: Blocked a frame with origin "https://website" from accessing a cross-origin frame.
at contents (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:2:26921)
at Function.map (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:2:3613)
at a.fn.init.n.fn.(anonymous function) [as contents] (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:2:27001)
at b (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=postbox,thickbox,hoverIntent,common,admin-bar,wp-a11y,updates,plugin-install,svg-painter,heartbeat,wp-auth-check,shortcode,wp-ba&load%5B%5D=ckbone,media-models,wp-plupload,wp-mediaelement,wp-api-request,media-views,media-editor,media-audiovideo,mce-view,imgareaselect,&load%5B%5D=image-edit&ver=4.9.8:347:103)
at HTMLBodyElement.<anonymous> (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=postbox,thickbox,hoverIntent,common,admin-bar,wp-a11y,updates,plugin-install,svg-painter,heartbeat,wp-auth-check,shortcode,wp-ba&load%5B%5D=ckbone,media-models,wp-plupload,wp-mediaelement,wp-api-request,media-views,media-editor,media-audiovideo,mce-view,imgareaselect,&load%5B%5D=image-edit&ver=4.9.8:347:1306)
at HTMLBodyElement.dispatch (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:3:12444)
at HTMLBodyElement.r.handle (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:3:9173)
at Object.trigger (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:3:11573)
at Object.a.event.trigger (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:9:8275)
at HTMLDivElement.<anonymous> (https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php?c=1&load%5B%5D=jquery-core,jquery-migrate,jquery-ui-core,jquery-ui-widget,jquery-ui-mouse,jquery-ui-sortable,utils,underscore,wp-util,backbone,&load%5B%5D=moxiejs,plupload&ver=4.9.8:3:18991)
The above error is generated by clicking View Details section of wordpress plugins (as shown below):
This error seems to exist in every single wordpress plugins but it works when I open in a new tab but it doesn't work when I open in the same window.
Problem Statement:
I am wondering which file I need to modify in wordpress in order to solve this error. This error seems to exist in every wordpress plugins. As mentioned, it works in a new tab but fails to work in the same page.
I have a feeling I have to make some changes in the following file by seeing the error above (load-scripts.php, as the error is generated in that file) but not sure what line I need to add in order to make it work.
https://website/wp-admin/load-scripts.php
Something bad has happend to your WordPress admin interface.
The first thing to notice is that the error you have described is a well known problem as you may have already noticed: SecurityError: Blocked a frame with origin from accessing a cross-origin frame
Look at the first answer there:
You can't access an with different origin using JavaScript,
it would be a huge security flaw if you could do it. For the
same-origin policy browsers block scripts trying to access a frame
with a different origin.
Protocol, hostname and port must be the same of your domain, if you
want to access a frame.
The second thing to notice is what the "View details" button in the WordPress admin interface does: It opens a ThickBox containing and iframe which is showing remote contents quite often within an IFrame. How this works is ecactly described here: https://codex.wordpress.org/Javascript_Reference/ThickBox
load-scripts.php is an important WordPress core file loaded in the admin which is used to load JavaScript files without having to embed each of them. Those JavaScript files are usually added to your WordPress admin with the admin_enqueue_scripts() function (https://codex.wordpress.org/Plugin_API/Action_Reference/admin_enqueue_scripts).
As your problem is quite uncommon and the "View details" button for Plugins works almost everytime there are only two possibilities:
1. The "View Details" IFrame is usually loaded from the same location where your WordPress is - therefore you might have a problem such that the browser wants to load it from a different host
This happens if you have some misconfiguration within your WordPress installation and Thickbox tries to get an IFrame from a host which the Browser thinks is another host. Configure WordPress correctly.
2. You have a badly programmed plugin or theme which is injecting a script causing this problem
Solution: Deactivate your theme and all your plugins one-by-one and see if the error still exists. This way you can find out the modification which causes the problem and maybe do a bug request to the plugin developers then.
It is almost 100% sure that a single plugin, theme or misconfiguration is causing this problem.
For posterity, chances are your X-Frame-Options have either been set to deny by the server or a configuration was appended by another plugin, but the blocked frame issue may happen when your server has not been configured correctly or was configured with strict policies to prevent any sort of access to cross-origin frames. Since every plugin is affected when viewing the Details link, my answer coincides with what #Blackbam has explained regarding how it functions by bringing up a thickbox and uses an i-frame when explaining why they all don't seem to appear.
I am wondering which file I need to modify in WordPress in order to
solve this error. This error seems to exist in every wordpress
plugins. As mentioned, it works in a new tab but fails to work in the
same page.
So, for this particular case I don't believe it's necessarily a WordPress issue but a hosting server configuration and, depending on how much access you have to the server or wherever you're building the website, will determine what you can do to solve this error or whether or not you'll need to contact support to help you resolve it.
(Since this answer is simply added for posterity, please excuse the present tense references used as I realize it's been 3 years since this was asked)
Solutions:
There are two options that may work for you, and will vary depending on your server and your user access.
Solution 1: Adding permissions by modifying the .htaccess file
If your webhosting server is running on Apache or other supported web server, you can try adding the lines below to the .htaccess file:
<ifModule mod_headers.c>
Header set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000" env=HTTPS
Header always set X-Frame-Options "sameorigin"
Header setifempty Referrer-Policy: same-origin
</ifModule>
For syntax, you can refer to to this page. But as another option, instead of setting X-Frame-Options to "sameorigin" you can also specify a particular domain so as to preserve the security feature if preferred, such as:
Header always append X-Frame-Options "ALLOW-FROM website.com/*"
And replacing "website.com/*" with the domain you would like to permit, noting the space between ALLOW-FROM and the URL as further explained here. If you have other plugins installed that have modified your .htaccess file, be sure to place this entry above any Wordpress created entry as the .htaccess file is loaded in order and also note that it may not be supported in all browsers. Now, depending on the server security policies, if this doesn't work, then you'll have to move on to the next solution.
Solution 2: Modify your server configuration
Though I'm only including instructions for an Apache server from here as reference, this page includes configurations for Nginx, IIS, HAProxy, and Express as well. A full explanation can be found here if you have access to WHM and/or are running virtual servers and will require root access.
Log into the web server and look for the following file:
/etc/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
# or you can also create a new file named 'include.conf' if it
# doesn't already exist
/etc/apache2/conf.d/userdata/{USERNAME}/{DOMAIN-NAME}/include.conf
If the file exists, you can either comment out the line if it's set to DENY to disable the restriction or add the line below to the newly created configuration file:
<ifModule mod_headers.c>
Header set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000" env=HTTPS
Header always set X-Frame-Options "sameorigin"
</ifModule>
You'll then need to rebuild the configuration and restart the Apache server.
You can rebuild by running the command
/usr/local/cpanel/scripts/rebuildhttpdconf
Then restart with
/usr/local/cpanel/scripts/restartsrv_httpd
Without the same-origin setting, even though Wordpress is installed on the server, the jquery requests are being blocked as part of preventing any embedding of content from other sites as well. Read more about Secure Headers from OWASP

The 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header has a value that is not equal to the supplied origin

I am trying to login with ajax to an API and I get this error:
XMLHttpRequest cannot load. The 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header
has a value that is not equal to the supplied origin. Origin
'http://localhost' is therefore not allowed access.
I read all about this error, all over the internet, and I've tried all the solutions I could find online. I modified the .htaccess and apache httpd configuration file according to the CORS instructions here: http://enable-cors.org/server_apache.html
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
Nothing seems to be working. I'd really appreciate if you guys can help me out with this. Thank you!
You have to set Access-Control-Allow-Origin header to * or specified value http://localhost
You can do this through:
1- Your code
2- .htaccess file
3- Server config (restart web server required)
Here is the link that show how to do it on apache
http://access-control-allow-origin-guide.com/enable-cors-on-apache-linux/
As added browser security, unless the API allows cross-browser origins in the the return responses header there is no way around this.
The browsers are blocking it, there is a plugin to allow for chrome but it is not realistic to depend on browser plugin to allow end user requests,
Try and reach out to the API provider and see if they can look into updating the header in the response.
It is a CORS issue:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Access_control_CORS
i use htaccess file for load JSON data in different hosting, and its works but
it have to put inside the public html root of our web hosting for example
uploading .htaccess into --> (https://freehostingsomewhere.com/)
then inside .htaccess
<FilesMatch "\.(ttf|otf|eot|woff|jpg|png|jpeg|gif|js|json|html|css)$">
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "http://localhost"
</IfModule>
</FilesMatch>
in here i use http://localhost to development and it works,
maybe if i have another web host just change it into that url, i will try it later (it can, i already try it) :p
this is just for more clear explanation
cheers :p
Are your requests using either cookies or authorization by any chance?
Check on your ajax call on the client side if you're configuring it to be done "with credentials"
.withCredentials = true;
If yes, the wildcard(*) will not work and you'll need to provide the exact host as the value for Access-Control-Allow-Origin.
Refer to this stack overflow answer or Mozilla Documentation on CORS

Apache2 Headers not working correctly

Having issues with iframes (have no control as these come with the system I have) and the cross-site stuff.
Have added the usual X-Frame-Options to my .htaccess file to include the directive to allow it to allow the iframe from this other system that wants to iframe the site. No problem at first.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header always set X-Frame-Options "ALLOW-FROM https://otherhost"
</IfModule>
And I can confirm that the above is taking effect as I have messed with the header content and it is reflected.
For some reason, I keep seeing the header X-Frame-Options ALLOW-FROM https://otherhost, SAMEORIGIN with this additional SAMEORIGIN, which of course is not valid and fails within the browsers, ultimately resulting in the browser falling back to DENY, which then means the iframe is not shown.
The apache2 specs states for the set option, that;
The response header is set, replacing any previous header with this name. The value may be a format string.
Yet I do not see it replacing the string. If I curl the login page, it presents correctly, if I inspect it in the chrome/safari inspector, it shows the additional , SAMEORIGIN and then complains that it's not valid.
I've even tried using the unset option for the Header directive, but it still keeps producing this header.
Is the Header directive post or pre output? as this is driving me nuts and wasting so much time for a simple thing.

HTACCESS image caching rule that checks the image modification time

I'm serving images two different ways:
Using a PHP script for profile pictures for example
By pointing to them directly, for icons and backgrounds for example
I'm in the process of handling their caching properly, and i'm totally new to this.
For the PHP script, i'm just adding a Last-Modified header to the response, and delivering a 304 status code if it's called again, if the file hasn't changed (using filemtime()).
For direct accesses, i'm using HTACCESS, but every rule i saw so far doesn't allow me to do the same as in my PHP script (checking if the file has changed, then serving a 304 or the file itself).
Here's the HTACCESS rule i'm planning to use:
Header unset Pragma
FileETag None
Header unset ETag
# cache images/pdf docs for 10 days
<FilesMatch "\.(ico|pdf|jpg|jpeg|png|gif)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=864000, public, must-revalidate"
Header unset Last-Modified
</FilesMatch>
From what i understand, the only way of updating a cached image is to rename it. Does someone know a way around it? By checking the image's last modification date for instance?
You could use mod_expires, if available:
<FilesMatch "\.(ico|pdf|jpg|jpeg|png|gif)$">
ExpiresDefault "modification plus 10 days"
</FilesMatch>
What you are doing with PHP should do apache automatically for static files. It will set the Last-Modified header and respond with 304 if it will find if-Modified-since in the request. This is done automatically and has nothing to do with caching. It will not prevent repeated requests to your server, it will just save you bandwidth (and loading times for user) when the file is not modified by returning just 304 info instead of the whole file.
To prevent those repeated requests to your server, browser (and proxy servers) has to do some caching. You can control the caching either via HTTP headers or for HTML also via META tags. When you specify that the file is cacheable for 1 week, browser won't try to contact your server for 1 week (although most browsers are set to revalidate cache entries on first access after startup).
So you will either live with the possibility that some users will use old cached copy for some time (depends on the expiry header) or you must change your URL as Gerben suggested. Only then you can be 100% sure that everyone will get the new version (this is important for javascript as having some of the js files old and some new can make very strange errors). Nowadays almost every high performance website uses the file.ext?v=3 approach, so that they can set the expiry header to large values like 6 months.
As #Gumbo pointed out, "Apache should already do that for static files".
And that's true, Apache does that, so that kind of stuff works fine:
<FilesMatch "\.(ico|pdf|jpg|jpeg|png|gif)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=864000, public, must-revalidate"
</FilesMatch>
ps: Sorry #Gumbo, but i asked you to change your answer so that i can accept it, but you wouldnt do it and i had to close that question eventually, so.

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