XML change value from parent to child - php

Question

I have this XML:
<destinos>
<destino>
<location>Spain</location>
<programas>
<item></item>
<item></item>
</programas>
</destino>
<destino>
<location>France</location>
<programas>
<item></item>
<item></item>
</programas>
</destino>
</destinos>
I need to include or copy the value of "Location" within each "item" and I am not able to do so.
<destinos>
<destino>
<location>Spain</location>
<programas>
<item>
<location>Spain</location>
</item>
<item>
<location>Spain</location>
</item>
</programas>
</destino>
<destino>
<location>France</location>
<programas>
<item>
<location>France</location>
</item>
<item>
<location>France</location>
</item>
</programas>
</destino>
</destinos>
I have no knowledge of PHP and I have been reading but I can't find the solution.
If someone could help me and explain I would be very grateful.
My code:
$url = file_get_contents("archive.xml");
$xml = simplexml_load_string($url);
$changes = $xml->xpath("//*[starts-with(local-name(), 'item')]");
foreach ($changes as $change)
$change[0] = $xml->destinos->destino->location;
header('Content-Type: application/xml');
echo $xml->asXML();

Answer 1

One option could be to use xpath with addChild with with the value of the location:
$url = file_get_contents("archive.xml");
$xml = simplexml_load_string($url);
$changes = $xml->xpath("/destinos/destino");
foreach ($changes as $change) {
$text = (string)$change->location;
foreach ($change->xpath("programas/item") as $i) {
$i->addChild("location", $text);
}
}
header('Content-Type: application/xml');
echo $xml->asXML();
Output
<destinos>
<destino>
<location>Spain</location>
<programas>
<item><location>Spain</location></item>
<item><location>Spain</location></item>
</programas>
</destino>
<destino>
<location>France</location>
<programas>
<item><location>France</location></item>
<item><location>France</location></item>
</programas>
</destino>
</destinos>
Php demo

Answer 2

Using SimpleXML, you can just use object notation to access the various elements of the document, this stops the need for XPath and can also make the code more readable...
$url = file_get_contents("archive.xml");
$xml = simplexml_load_string($url);
foreach ($xml->destino as $destino) {
// Process each item
foreach ( $destino->programas->item as $item ) {
// Set the location from the destino location value
$item->location = (string)$destino->location;
}
}
header('Content-Type: application/xml');
echo $xml->asXML();
One thing to note is that when using SimpleXML, the root node (<destinos> in this case) is the $xml object. This is why $xml->destino is accessing the <destino> elements.

Answer 3

With DOM you can append clones of the location nodes to the respective item elements.
$document = new DOMDocument();
$document->load($url);
$xpath = new DOMXpath($document);
// iterate the location child of the destino elements
foreach($xpath->evaluate('//destino/location') as $location) {
// iterate the item nodes inside the same parent node
foreach ($xpath->evaluate('parent::*/programas/item', $location) as $item) {
// append a copy of the location to the item
$item->appendChild($location->cloneNode(TRUE));
}
}
echo $document->saveXML();