Looping from an array display a non wanted character with PHP - php

I have this array in PHP:
$items = array(
array(
"info" => "This is my info",
"colors" => array(
"type" => "block",
array(
"name" => "Red",
"ref" => "red"
),
array(
"name" => "Blue",
"ref" => "blue"
),
),
),
);
I want to loop into the color array like this:
foreach ($items as $item) {
foreach ($item['colors'] as $color) {
$color['name'];
}
}
The problem, is the first result is b from block.
How can I change this behavior ?
Thanks.

You can check whether the name element exists in the $color value:
foreach ($items as $item) {
foreach ($item['colors'] as $color) {
if (isset($color['name'])) {
$name = $color['name'];
// do something with it
}
}
}

For the given array, reference the keys in your first loop to get to colors and check if the $value is an array, if it is, then check to see if the array_key name is in the array, if it is, you have the value(s) you are looking for.
// assuming you know the array levels design your conditional to check if you have an array - is_array, if you do, make sure the target key is in_array, if it is, compare the target key with the values array_keys and then echo the value['target_key']
foreach($items[0]['colors'] as $value){
if(is_array($value)){
if(in_array('name', array_keys($value))){
echo $value['name'].'<br>';
}
}
}
// slightly more dynamic way to use incrementor,
// though this assumes you still know the level of 'colors' and 'name'
$i = count($items);
for($j = 0; $j < $i; $j++){
foreach($items[$j]['colors'] as $value){
if(is_array($value)){
if(in_array('name', array_keys($value))){
echo $value['name'].'<br>';
}
}
}
}
// or check each level to see if is array and if target key is in array
$i = count($items);
for($j = 0; $j < $i; $j++){
foreach($items[$j] as $value){
if(is_array($value)){
if(in_array('colors', array_keys($value))){
foreach($value as $color){
if(is_array($color)){
if(in_array('name', array_keys($color))){
echo $color['name'];
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
Each iteration will output:
Red
Blue

Related

Echo selected values from an associate array

i dont want to echo the last two values in an associative array, couldn's figure it out, please help.
foreach($_POST as $key => $value){
echo $value;
}
This echoes all the values, i want to echo all but the last 2.
Just count the loops and dont print the value in the last two loops.
$i = 0;
foreach($_POST as $key => $value) {
$i++;
if($i != count($_POST) && $i != count($_POST)-1) {
echo $value;
}
}
It should work to slice the array before you loop it.
<?php
$newArray = array_slice( $_POST, 0, count($_POST)-2);
foreach( $newArray AS $key => $value ) {
echo $value;
}
If you want to keep your $key value, then set the 4th parameter to true to "preserve keys":
http://php.net/manual/en/function.array-slice.php
Maybe this is just an exercise, but I do want to note, in addition, that relying on the exact order of your POST'd elements sounds like a bad design idea that could lead to future problems.
I'd rather do this:
$a = array('a' => 'q','s' => 'w','d' => 'e','f' => 'r');
$arr_count = count($a) - 2;
$i = 1;
foreach($a as $k => $val){
echo $k.' - '.$val.PHP_EOL;
if ($i == $arr_count) break;
$i++;
}
Another alternative solution:
<?php
$tot=count($_POST)-2;
while ($tot--) {
// you can also retrieve the key using key($_POST);
echo current($_POST);
next($_POST);
}

Php array iteration with conditional indexing

I'm working on PHP array iteration. I have arrays for example as below :
1) banned 2) age
$banned = array(
"school_name"=> "abc",
"school_rating"=> "xyz",
);
$age = array(
"Peter"=> "35", // 0
"Ben"=> "16", // 1
"Joe"=> "43" // 2
"john"=> "12", // 3
);
I'm iterating over this array using foreach :
foreach($age as $index => $value) {
if ($value < '18') {
$banned['name_' . $index] = $value; // Push values below 18 to 'banned' array with index value
}
}
I want to find names which are below age 18 & push theme to 'banned' array.
This code works correct. But while pushing names to 'banned' array, I want to append new index to their names such as 'Ben_0' 'john_1'.
Current code appending index as per foreach iteration such as 'Ben_1' 'john_3'.
I want my final array to like :
$banned = array(
"school_name"=> "abc",
"school_rating"=> "xyz",
"Ben_0"=> "16",
"john_1"=> "12",
);
I want this new indexing in order to perform some API call later.
So is there any way to achieve this ?
You mean something like:
$count = 0;
foreach($age as $index => $value) {
if ($value < '18') {
$banned[$index . '_' . $count++] = $value; // Push values below 18 to 'banned' array with index value
}
}
You can do it like this:
$i = 0;
foreach($age as $index => $value)
{
if ($value < '18') {
$banned['name_' . $i] = $value; // Push values below 18 to 'banned' array with index value
$i++;
}
}
$i = 0;
foreach ($age as $name => $age)
{
$banned[$name . '_' . $i++] = $age;
}

Iterate a PHP array from a specific key

I know how to iterate an array in PHP, but I want to iterate an array from a specific key.
Assume that I have a huge array
$my_array = array(
...
...
["adad"] => "value X",
["yy"] => "value Y",
["hkghgk"] => "value Z",
["pp"] => "value ZZ",
...
...
)
I know the key where to start to iterate ("yy"). Now I want to iterate only from this key to another key.
I know that I don't want to do this:
$start_key = "yy";
foreach ($my_array as $key => $v)
{
if ($key == $start_key)
...
}
I was looking for Iterator, but I don't think this is what I need.
Try combining array_search, array_key, and LimitIterator. Using the example from the LimitIterator page and some extra bits:
$fruitsArray = array(
'a' => 'apple',
'b' => 'banana',
'c' => 'cherry',
'd' => 'damson',
'e' => 'elderberry'
);
$startkey = array_search('d', array_keys($fruitsArray));
$fruits = new ArrayIterator($fruitsArray);
foreach (new LimitIterator($fruits, $startkey) as $fruit) {
var_dump($fruit);
}
Starting at position 'd', this outputs:
string(6) "damson" string(10) "elderberry"
There is a limit to this approach in that it won’t loop around the array until the start position again. It will only iterate to the end of an array and then stop. You would have to run another foreach to do the first part of the array, but that can be easily done with the code we already have.
foreach (new LimitIterator($fruits, 0, $startkey-1) as $fruit) {
var_dump($fruit);
}
This starts from the first element, up to the element before the one we searched for.
foreach always resets the array's array pointer. You just can't do that the way you imagine.
You still have a few ways. The foreach way is just skipping everything until you found the key once:
$start_key = "yy";
$started = false;
foreach ($my_array as $key => $v)
{
if ($key == $start_key) {
$started = true;
}
if (!$started) {
continue;
}
// your code
}
You could as well work with the array pointer and use the while (list($key, $v) = each($array)) method:
$start_key = "yy";
reset($array); // reset it to be sure to start at the beginning
while (list($key, $v) = each($array) && $key != $start_key); // set array pointer to $start_key
do {
// your code
} while (list($key, $v) = each($array));
Alternatively, you can just extract the array you want to iterate over like MarkBaker proposed.
Perhaps something like:
foreach(array_slice(
$my_array,
array_search(
$start_key,array_keys($my_array)
),
null,
true) as $key => $v) {}
Demo
You can use array_keys and array_search.
Like this:
$keys = array_keys( $my_array ); // store all of your array indexes in a new array
$position = array_search( "yy" ,$keys ); // search your starting index in the newly created array of indexes
if( $position == false ) exit( "Index doesn't exist" ); // if the starting index doesn't exist the array_search returns false
for( $i = $position; $i < count( $keys ); $i++ ) { // starting from your desired index, this will iterate over the rest of your array
// do your stuff to $my_array[ $keys[ $i ] ] like:
echo $my_array[ $keys[ $i ] ];
}
Try it like this:
$startkey = array_search('yy', array_keys($my_array));
$endkey = array_search('zz', array_keys($my_array));
$my_array2 = array_values($my_array);
for($i = $startkey; $i<=$endkey; $i++)
{
// Access array like this
echo $my_array2[$i];
}
If this pull request makes it through, you will be able to do this quite easily:
if (seek($array, 'yy', SEEK_KEY)) {
while ($data = each($array)) {
// Do stuff
}
}

Sorting arrays: second last

ksort ($votes);
foreach ($votes as $total => $contestant){
$ordervotes[]= $contestant;
}
echo "<li> And the winner is: {$ordervotes[4]}</li>";
echo "<li> And the loser is: {$ordervotes[0]}</li>";
echo "<li> {$ordervotes[1]} came second last</li>";
This works fine when none of the '$total's are the same, if they are the same i get an error code. I realise I could use the 'max/min' to get the first and last elements of the array, but how do i go about finding the second last?
Thank you
Joe
Why don't you try:
echo $votes[count($votes)-2];
You also don't need to populate another array with the same values - you can keep them in $votes. You might also want to look into sorting your array by value instead of by key (which I assume you're trying to do).
If you're expecting duplicate keys, you need to remodel the way you're storing your data. Consider using a multidimensional array:
$votes = array(
array('name'=>'John','vote'=>10),
array('name'=>'James','vote'=>11),
array('name'=>'Jimmy','vote'=>13),
);
You will be able to sort this array using this function and code:
// This function will sort your array
function aasort (&$array, $key) {
$sorter=array();
$ret=array();
reset($array);
foreach ($array as $ii => $va) {
$sorter[$ii]=$va[$key];
}
asort($sorter);
foreach ($sorter as $ii => $va) {
$ret[$ii]=$array[$ii];
}
$array=$ret;
}
// Sort the array by the 'vote' key
aasort($votes,"vote");
// Echo out the name of the second-last person
echo $votes[count($votes)-2]['name'];
Use this:
function secondMax($arr) {
$max = $second = 0;
$maxKey = $secondKey = null;
foreach($arr as $key => $value) {
if($value > $max) {
$second = $max;
$secondKey = $maxKey;
$max = $value;
$maxKey = $key;
} elseif($value > $secondMax) {
$second = $value;
$secondKey = $key;
}
}
return array($secondKey, $second);
}
Usage:
$second = secondMax($votes);
You can retrieve it by using the function count:
$ordervotes[ (count($ordervotes)-2) ]
// the array starts with index 0, so (count($ordervotes)-1) is the last element
I don't understand what is in your $votes variable ... How could you have multiple contestants with the same votes (and so, with the same key).
I think there is a mistake here.
You $votes should be like this :
$votes = array(
'contestant 1' => 8,
'contestant 2' => 12,
'contestant 3' => 3
);
Then order the array : sort($votes)
Finaly, get the second last : $votes[count($votes) - 2];

How can I get the current array index in a foreach loop?

How do I get the current index in a foreach loop?
foreach ($arr as $key => $val)
{
// How do I get the index?
// How do I get the first element in an associative array?
}
In your sample code, it would just be $key.
If you want to know, for example, if this is the first, second, or ith iteration of the loop, this is your only option:
$i = -1;
foreach($arr as $val) {
$i++;
//$i is now the index. if $i == 0, then this is the first element.
...
}
Of course, this doesn't mean that $val == $arr[$i] because the array could be an associative array.
This is the most exhaustive answer so far and gets rid of the need for a $i variable floating around. It is a combo of Kip and Gnarf's answers.
$array = array( 'cat' => 'meow', 'dog' => 'woof', 'cow' => 'moo', 'computer' => 'beep' );
foreach( array_keys( $array ) as $index=>$key ) {
// display the current index + key + value
echo $index . ':' . $key . $array[$key];
// first index
if ( $index == 0 ) {
echo ' -- This is the first element in the associative array';
}
// last index
if ( $index == count( $array ) - 1 ) {
echo ' -- This is the last element in the associative array';
}
echo '<br>';
}
Hope it helps someone.
foreach($array as $key=>$value) {
// do stuff
}
$key is the index of each $array element
$i = 0;
foreach ($arr as $key => $val) {
if ($i === 0) {
// first index
}
// current index is $i
$i++;
}
The current index is the value of $key. And for the other question, you can also use:
current($arr)
to get the first element of any array, assuming that you aren't using the next(), prev() or other functions to change the internal pointer of the array.
You can get the index value with this
foreach ($arr as $key => $val)
{
$key = (int) $key;
//With the variable $key you can get access to the current array index
//You can use $val[$key] to
}
$key is the index for the current array element, and $val is the value of that array element.
The first element has an index of 0. Therefore, to access it, use $arr[0]
To get the first element of the array, use this
$firstFound = false;
foreach($arr as $key=>$val)
{
if (!$firstFound)
$first = $val;
else
$firstFound = true;
// do whatever you want here
}
// now ($first) has the value of the first element in the array
You could get the first element in the array_keys() function as well. Or array_search() the keys for the "index" of a key. If you are inside a foreach loop, the simple incrementing counter (suggested by kip or cletus) is probably your most efficient method though.
<?php
$array = array('test', '1', '2');
$keys = array_keys($array);
var_dump($keys[0]); // int(0)
$array = array('test'=>'something', 'test2'=>'something else');
$keys = array_keys($array);
var_dump(array_search("test2", $keys)); // int(1)
var_dump(array_search("test3", $keys)); // bool(false)
well since this is the first google hit for this problem:
function mb_tell(&$msg) {
if(count($msg) == 0) {
return 0;
}
//prev($msg);
$kv = each($msg);
if(!prev($msg)) {
end($msg);
print_r($kv);
return ($kv[0]+1);
}
print_r($kv);
return ($kv[0]);
}
based on #fabien-snauwaert's answer but simplified if you do not need the original key
$array = array( 'cat' => 'meow', 'dog' => 'woof', 'cow' => 'moo', 'computer' => 'beep' );
foreach( array_values( $array ) as $index=>$value ) {
// display the current index + value
echo $index . ':' . $value;
// first index
if ( $index == 0 ) {
echo ' -- This is the first element in the associative array';
}
// last index
if ( $index == count( $array ) - 1 ) {
echo ' -- This is the last element in the associative array';
}
echo '<br>';
}

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