Simple whois lookup script doesnt work when i use exec command - php

Question

I am using laravel for my whois domain search. But when i use exec command in my controller, there is no output
My controller
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
use App\Models\User;
class SorgulaController extends Controller
{
//
//
function sorgula (Request $req)
{
$domain = $req->get('domain');
return view('results', compact( 'domain' , ));
}
}
?>
My form blade
<form action="/tr/sonuc" method="post">,
#csrf
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" name="domain"
class="form-control form-control-lg" value=""
placeholder="" required>
</div>
<br>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-outline-dark d-grid gap-2 col-3 mx-auto">Sorgula</button>
<br>
<p class="text-center"> <a class="text-primary" href="https://domaintelekom.com/login">oturum açın.</a></p>
</form>
My result blade
<?php
exec("whois $domain" , $data);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($data);
echo "</pre>";
?>
My route
Route::get('/tr', function () {
return view('index');
});
Route::get('/tr/sonuc', function () {
return view('results');
});
Route::post('/tr/sonuc', [App\Http\Controllers\SorgulaController::class, 'sorgula']);
This is the result i got
When i use vanilla php there are domain records. But there is no record when i use Laravel.
Why is that?

Answer 1

I was successful when using process on laravel
<?php
use Symfony\Component\Process\Process;
...
$current = new Process('whois google.com');
$current->run();
if (!$current->isSuccessful()) {
// throw new ProcessFailedException($current);
}
$current = $current->getOutput();

Answer 2

I just found the answer the reason why my shell_exec or exec command doesnt work, it beacuse in my Centos panel there is no 43 port number. When i open port 43 it worked. Just add port number 43 and restart the firewall, it will work after that. Thanks for the answers.