I have two tables:
Central_Address
Address_ID - PK and Auto Increment
Central_Class_Location
Central_Location_ID - PK and Auto Increment
Address_ID_FK - Foreign key referencing Address_ID
I was able to use phpmyadmin to insert data in both tables, including the foreign key:
INSERT INTO Central_Address (Address_ID) VALUES ('');
INSERT INTO Central_Class_Location (Central_Location_ID, Address_ID) VALUES ('', LAST_INSERT_ID());
However, when I try to use Wordpress's $wpdb, it adds to Central_Address, but not Central_Class_Location
$wpdb->query("INSERT INTO Central_Address (Address_ID) VALUES ('');
INSERT INTO Central_Class_Location (Central_Location_ID, Address_ID) VALUES ('', LAST_INSERT_ID());");
Has anyone ever been able to make foreign keys with $wpdb?
First of all you have to insert in Central_Address from wordpress method which is as follows
1) Insert Central_Address
$table = $wpdb->prefix.'Central_Address';
$data = array('column1' => 'data one', 'column2' => 123);
$format = array('%s','%d');
$wpdb->insert($table,$data,$format);
2) after then get database last inserted id using $wpdb->insert_id and run to insert second table query
$last_address_id = $wpdb->insert_id;
$central_class_location_table = $wpdb->prefix.'Central_Class_Location';
$data = array('Address_ID' => $last_address_id, 'column2' => 123);
$format = array('%d','%d');
$wpdb->insert($central_class_location_table, $data, $format);
I think it may have helped you
Related
I want to use one form to insert into two different Microsoft sql tables. I tryed to use 2 inserts, but didnt work.
if (isset($_GET['submit'])) {
$sth = $connection->prepare("INSERT INTO DB.dbo.Fehler (QualiID, TestaufstellungID, ModulinfoID, failAfter, Datum, Verbleib, DUTNr) VALUES ($QualiID, $TestaufstellungID,$ModulinfoID,'$failAfter','$Datum','$Verbleib','$DUTNr')");
echo "INSERT INTO DB.dbo.Fehler (QualiID, TestaufstellungID, ModulinfoID, failAfter, Datum, Verbleib, DUTNr) VALUES ($QualiID, $TestaufstellungID,$ModulinfoID,'$failAfter',$Datum,'$Verbleib','$DUTNr')";
$sth->execute();
if($sth)
{
echo "";
}
else
{
echo sqlsrv_errors();
}
$MID = $connection->prepare("MAX(MID) as MID FROM DB.dbo.Fehler WHERE DB.dbo.Fehler.TestaufstellungID = '". $TestaufstellungID . "'");
$MID->execute();
$sth2 = $connection->prepare("INSERT INTO DB.dbo.Fehlerinfo (MID, Tester, Test, Ausfallbedingungen, Fehlerbeschreibung, Ersteller) VALUES ($MID, '$Tester','$Test','$Ausfallbedingungen','$Fehlerbeschreibung','$Ersteller')");
$sth2->execute();
To understand MID is the Primary key of table Fehler and ist the foreign key in the second table Fehlerinfo
Thats why i have the select work around to get the last MID and want to save it in a variable $MID to insert it into the second table.
Is there a smarter solution possible?
As I mentioned in the comments, generally the better way is to do the insert in one batch. This is very over simplified, however, should put you in the right direction. Normally you would likely be passing the values for the Foreign Table in a Table Value Parameter (due to the Many to One relationship) and would encapsulate the entire thing in a TRY...CATCH and possibly a stored procedure.
I can't write this in PHP, as my knowledge of it is rudimentary, but this should get you on the right path to understanding:
USE Sandbox;
--Couple of sample tables
CREATE TABLE dbo.PrimaryTable (SomeID int IDENTITY(1,1),
SomeString varchar(10),
CONSTRAINT PK_PTID PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED (SomeID));
CREATE TABLE dbo.ForeignTable (AnotherID int IDENTITY(1,1),
ForeignID int,
AnotherString varchar(10),
CONSTRAINT PK_FTID PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED(AnotherID),
CONSTRAINT FK_FTPT FOREIGN KEY (ForeignID)
REFERENCES dbo.PrimaryTable(SomeID));
GO
--single batch example
--Declare input parameters and give some values
--These would be the values coming from your application
DECLARE #SomeString varchar(10) = 'abc',
#AnotherString varchar(10) = 'def';
--Create a temp table or variable for the output of the ID
DECLARE #ID table (ID int);
--Insert the data and get the ID at the same time:
INSERT INTO dbo.PrimaryTable (SomeString)
OUTPUT inserted.SomeID
INTO #ID
SELECT #SomeString;
--#ID now has the inserted ID(s)
--Use it to insert into the other table
INSERT INTO dbo.ForeignTable (ForeignID,AnotherString)
SELECT ID,
#AnotherString
FROM #ID;
GO
--Check the data:
SELECT *
FROM dbo.PrimaryTable PT
JOIN dbo.ForeignTable FT ON PT.SomeID = FT.ForeignID;
GO
--Clean up
DROP TABLE dbo.ForeignTable;
DROP TABLE dbo.PrimaryTable;
As i mentioned the answer how it works for me fine atm.
if (isset($_GET['submit'])) {
$failInsert = ("INSERT INTO DB.dbo.Fehler (QualiID, TestaufstellungID, ModulinfoID, failAfter, Datum, Verbleib, DUTNr) VALUES ($QualiID, $TestaufstellungID,$ModulinfoID,'$failAfter','$Datum','$Verbleib','$DUTNr')");
$failInsert .= ("INSERT INTO DB.dbo.Fehlerinfo (MID, Tester, Test, Ausfallbedingungen, Fehlerbeschreibung, Ersteller) VALUES (NULL, '$Tester','$Test','$Ausfallbedingungen','$Fehlerbeschreibung','$Ersteller')");
$failInsert .= ("UPDATE DB.dbo.Fehlerinfo SET DB.dbo.Fehlerinfo.MID = i.MID FROM (SELECT MAX(MID)as MID FROM DB.dbo.Fehler) i WHERE DB.dbo.Fehlerinfo.TestID = ( SELECT MAX(TestID) as TestID FROM DB.dbo.Fehlerinfo)");
$sth = $connection->prepare($failInsert);
$sth->execute();
}
I am inserting multiple rows using one query and, obviously, the ID column auto increments each row. I want to create another ID column and have the ID remain the same for all rows inserted during the query. So if I insert 10 rows during one query, I want all 10 rows to have the id "1". How can this be done? Thanks for any help
If I understood your question correctly, you want to supply an ID for the specific group of INSERT statements.
Assumming you have this schema
CREATE TABLE TableName
(
RecordID INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
OtherColumn VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
GroupID INT NOT NULL
)
You can have two statements for this:
1.) Getting the last GroupID and increment it by 1.
SELECT COALESCE(MAX(GroupID), 0) + 1 AS newGroupID FROM TableName
2.) once you have executed it, store the value in a variable. Use this variable for all the insert statement,
$groupID = row['newGroupID'];
$insert1 = "INSERT INTO TableName(OtherColumn, GroupID) VALUES ('a', $groupID)";
$insert2 = "INSERT INTO TableName(OtherColumn, GroupID) VALUES ('b', $groupID)";
$insert3 = "INSERT INTO TableName(OtherColumn, GroupID) VALUES ('c', $groupID)";
UPDATE 1
SQLFiddle Demo
I have this PHP/MySQL script which adds a comment into my DB:
$SQL = "INSERT INTO blog_comments (article_id, author_name, comment, path, posted, status) ";
$SQL .= "VALUES (:article_id, :name, :comment, :next_path, Now(), 'Live');";
$STH = $DBH->prepare($SQL);
$STH->bindParam(':article_id', $article_id);
$STH->bindParam(':name', $name);
$STH->bindParam(':comment', $comment);
$STH->bindParam(':next_path', $next_path);
$STH->execute();
Is there any way to modify this so that it doesn't insert the same [author_name], [article_id] and [comment] into this table? I know it's possible for one column by adding UNIQUE to my table, but not sure about multiple columns.
you can add a UNIQUE constraint for multiple columns
CREATE TABLE
(
.....
CONSTRAINT tab_uq UNIQUE (author_name, comment)
)
or by altering the existing table,
ALTER TABLE myTable ADD UNIQUE (author_name, comment);
call those columns as composite primary key..
that way, they will have a unique entry.
You can make a unique key of multiple fields
I guess you could check the db for a result before inserting data
you can also check INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE dev.mysql.com
I've got my database set up with three tables - code, tags, and code_tags for tagging posts.
This will be the SQL query processed when a post is submitted. Each tag is sliced up by PHP and individually inserted using these queries.
INSERT IGNORE INTO tags (tag) VALUES ('$tags[1]');
SELECT tags.id FROM tags WHERE tag = '$tags[1]' ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1;
INSERT INTO code_tags (code_id, tag_id) VALUES ($codeid, WHAT_GOES_HERE?)
The WHAT_GOES_HERE? value at the end is what I need to know. It needs to be the ID of the tag that the second query fetched. How can I put that ID into the third query?
I hope I explained that correctly. I'll rephrase if necessary.
Edit: Thanks for your help so far but I'm still struggling a bit in regards to what was pointed out - if it's already there I can't get the inserted ID...?
If you use INSERT IGNORE and a new record is ignored (because of a unique key violation) mysql_insert_id() and LAST_INSERT_ID() don't have a meaningful value.
But you can use INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE and LAST_INSERT_ID(expr) to set the data you expect LAST_INSERT_ID() to return in case of a doublet.
Step-by-step:
Let's assume you have a table tags like
CREATE TABLE tags (
id int auto_increment,
tag varchar(32),
dummy int NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, /* for demo purposes only */
primary key(id),
unique key(tag)
)
Inserting a tag twice results in a duplicate key violation because of unique key(tag). That's probably the reason why you've used INSERT IGNORE. In that case MySQL ignores the violation but the new record is ignored as well. The problem is that you want the id of the record having tag='xyz' regardless of whether it has been newly created or it was already in the database. But right now mysql_insert_id()/LAST_INSERT_ID() can oly provide the id of a new record, not an ignored one.
With INSERT ...ON DUPLICATE you can react on such duplicate key violations. If the new record can be inserted (no violation) it behaves like a "normal" INSERT. But in case of a duplicate key violation the part after ON DUPLICATE KEY is executed like an UPDATE statement for the record with that particular index value already existing in the table. E.g. (with an empty table tags)
INSERT INTO tags (tag) VALUES ('tag A') ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE dummy=dummy+1
This will simply insert the record as if there was no ON DUPLICATE ... clause. id gets the next auto-increment value, dummy the default value of 0 and tag='tag A'. Let's assume the newly create auto_increment value was 1. The resulting record stored in MySQL is (id=1, tag='tag A', dummy=0) and LAST_INSERT_ID() will return 1 right after this query. So far so good.
Now if you insert the same record again with the same query a violation occurs because of the first record (id=1, 'tag=tag A', dummy=0). For this already exisitng record the UPDATE statement after ON DUPLICATE KEY is executed, i.e. the record becomes (id=1, tag='tag A', dummy=1). But since no new record has been created there was also no new auto_increment value and LAST_INSERT_ID() becomes meaningless. So still the same problem as with INSERT IGNORE.
But there is a "special" construct that allows you to set the value LAST_INSERT_ID() is supposed to return after the ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE statement has been executed.
id=LAST_INSERT_ID(id)
Looks strange but it really only sets the value LAST_INSERT_ID() will return.
If you use the statement
INSERT INTO
tags
(tag)
VALUES
('xyz')
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
id=LAST_INSERT_ID(id)
LAST_INSERT_ID() will always return the id of the record having tag='xyz' no matter if it was added by the INSERT part or "updated" by the ON DUPLICATE KEY part.
I.e. if your next query is
INSERT INTO
code_tags
(code_id, tag_id)
VALUES
(4711, LAST_INSERT_ID())
the tags.id for the tag 'xyz' is used.
The self-contained example script uses PDO and prepared statements. It should do more or less what you want to achieve.
$pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test", 'localonly', 'localonly');
$pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
// set up temporary table and demo data
$pdo->exec('CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmpTags (id int auto_increment, tag varchar(32), primary key(id), unique key(tag))');
$pdo->exec('CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmpCode_tags (code_id int, tag_id int)');
$pdo->exec("INSERT INTO tmpTags (tag) VALUES ('tagA'), ('tagB')");
// prepare the statements
// set id=LAST_INSERT_ID(id), so LAST_INSERT_ID() gets a value even if the record is "ignored"
$stmtTags = $pdo->prepare('
INSERT INTO
tmpTags
(tag)
VALUES
(:tag)
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
id=LAST_INSERT_ID(id)
');
$stmtTags->bindParam(':tag', $tag);
$stmtCodeTags = $pdo->prepare('INSERT INTO tmpCode_tags (code_id, tag_id) VALUES (:codeid, LAST_INSERT_ID())');
$stmtCodeTags->bindParam(':codeid', $codeid);
// and some new records we want to insert
$testdata = array(
array('codeid'=>1, 'tags'=>'tagA tagC'), // tagA is already in the table "tags", tagC is a "new" tag
array('codeid'=>2, 'tags'=>'tagC tagD tagE') // tagC will already be inserted, tagD and atgE are "new"
);
// process (test)data
foreach($testdata as $data) {
// the parameter :codeid of $stmtCodeTags is bound to $codeid; assign it the "current" value
$codeid = $data['codeid'];
// split the tags
$tags = explode(' ', $data['tags']);
foreach($tags as $tag) {
// the parameter :tag is bound to $tag
// nothing more to do than to execute the statement
$stmtTags->execute();
// the parameter :codeid is bound to $codeid which was set to $codeid=$data['codeid']
// again nothing more to do than to execute the statement
$stmtCodeTags->execute();
}
}
unset($stmtTags);
unset($stmtCodeTags);
// let's see what we've got
$query = '
SELECT
ct.code_id, t.tag
FROM
tmpCode_tags as ct
JOIN
tmpTags as t
ON
ct.tag_id=t.id
';
foreach( $pdo->query($query, PDO::FETCH_NUM) as $row ) {
echo join(', ', $row), "\n";
}
prints
1, tagA
1, tagC
2, tagC
2, tagD
2, tagE
edit2: In case the PDO-part of the script and the prepared statements are intimidating, here's the same thing using the old php-mysql module. But I urge you to use parametrized prepared statements. Doesn't have to be PDO but I happen to like it. E.g. the mysqli module provides prepared statements as well, the old mysql module doesn't.
$mysql = mysql_connect('localhost', 'localonly', 'localonly') or die(mysql_error());
mysql_select_db('test', $mysql) or die(mysql_error());
// set up temporary table and demo data
mysql_query('CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmpTags (id int auto_increment, tag varchar(32), primary key(id), unique key(tag))', $mysql) or die(mysql_error());
mysql_query('CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmpCode_tags (code_id int, tag_id int)', $mysql) or die(mysql_error());
mysql_query("INSERT INTO tmpTags (tag) VALUES ('tagA'), ('tagB')", $mysql) or die(mysql_error());
// and some new records we want to insert
$testdata = array(
array('codeid'=>1, 'tags'=>'tagA tagC'), // tagA is already in the table "tags", tagC is a "new" tag
array('codeid'=>2, 'tags'=>'tagC tagD tagE') // tagC will already be inserted, tagD and atgE are "new"
);
// "prepare" the statements.
// This is nothing like the server-side prepared statements mysqli and pdo offer.
// we have to insert the parameters into the query string, i.e. the parameters must
// be escaped so that they cannot mess up the statement.
// see mysql_real_escape_string() for string literals within the sql statement.
$qsTags = "
INSERT INTO
tmpTags
(tag)
VALUES
('%s')
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
id=LAST_INSERT_ID(id)
";
$qsCodeTags = "
INSERT INTO
tmpCode_tags
(code_id, tag_id)
VALUES
('%s', LAST_INSERT_ID())
";
foreach($testdata as $data) {
// in this example codeid is a simple number
// let's treat it as a string literal in the statement anyway
$codeid = mysql_real_escape_string($data['codeid'], $mysql);
$tags = explode(' ', $data['tags']);
foreach($tags as $tag) {
// now $tag is certainly a string parameter
$tag = mysql_real_escape_string($tag, $mysql);
$query = sprintf($qsTags, $tag);
mysql_query($query, $mysql) or die(mysql_error());
$query = sprintf($qsCodeTags, $codeid);
mysql_query($query, $mysql) or die(mysql_error());
}
}
// let's see what we've got
$query = '
SELECT
ct.code_id, t.tag
FROM
tmpCode_tags as ct
JOIN
tmpTags as t
ON
ct.tag_id=t.id
';
$result = mysql_query($query, $mysql) or die(mysql_error());
while ( false!==($row=mysql_fetch_row($result)) ) {
echo join(', ', $row), "\n";
}
If I understand what you're attempting to achieve correctly, the second query is un-necessary - use mysql_insert_id to obtain the ID of previously inserted row, which is I presume what you need for "WHAT_GOES_HERE".
I've found a few answers for this using mySQL alone, but I was hoping someone could show me a way to get the ID of the last inserted or updated row of a mysql DB when using PHP to handle the inserts/updates.
Currently I have something like this, where column3 is a unique key, and there's also an id column that's an autoincremented primary key:
$query ="INSERT INTO TABLE (column1, column2, column3) VALUES (value1, value2, value3) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE SET column1=value1, column2=value2, column3=value3";
mysql_query($query);
$my_id = mysql_insert_id();
$my_id is correct on INSERT, but incorrect when it's updating a row (ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE).
I have seen several posts with people advising that you use something like
INSERT INTO table (a) VALUES (0) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE id=LAST_INSERT_ID(id)
to get a valid ID value when the ON DUPLICATE KEY is invoked-- but will this return that valid ID to the PHP mysql_insert_id() function?
Here's the answer, as suggested by Alexandre:
when you use the id=LAST_INSERT_ID(id) it sets the value of mysql_insert_id = the updated ID-- so your final code should look like:
<?
$query = mysql_query("
INSERT INTO table (column1, column2, column3)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3)
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
column1 = value1,
column2 = value2,
column3 = value3,
id=LAST_INSERT_ID(id)
");
$my_id = mysql_insert_id();
This will return the right value for $my_id regardless of update or insert.
You could check if the Query was an insert or an update ( mysql_affected_rows(); returns 1 on insert and 2 on update).
If it was an insert use mysql_insert_id, if it was an update you'd need another Query.
<?php
$query ="INSERT INTO TABLE (column1, column2, column3) VALUES (value1, value2, value3) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE SET column1=value1, column2=value2, column3=value3";
mysql_query($query);
if(mysql_affected_rows() == 1) { $id = mysql_insert_id(); }
else { // select ...
}
?>
I know it's not excatly what your looking for but it's the best i could come up with
Although not using mysql_insert_id() and ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE, alternative great way to get the value of any field when updating another found here:
UPDATE table SET id=(#tempid:=id) , .... LIMIT 1;
SELECT #tempid;
I used it having table with (id,status) 'id' primary index auto-increment, and 'status' was the field upon which update was made, but i needed to get 'id' of the updated row. This solution also proof to race conditions as mysql_insert_id().
This is my solution where you put the data into a single array and it's automatically duplicated/populated into the "INSERT INTO .. ON DUPLICATE UPDATE .. " query.
It's great for maintainability, and if you want you can make it a function / method too.
// save to db:
$qData = [
"id" => mysql_real_escape_string($email_id),
"synd_id" => mysql_real_escape_string($synd_id),
"campaign_id" => mysql_real_escape_string($campaign_id),
"event_id" => mysql_real_escape_string($event_id),
"user_id" => mysql_real_escape_string($user_id),
"campaign_name" => mysql_real_escape_string($campaign_name),
"subject" => mysql_real_escape_string($subject),
"from_name"=> mysql_real_escape_string($from_name),
"from_email"=> mysql_real_escape_string($from),
"content"=> mysql_real_escape_string($html),
"link_to_template" => mysql_real_escape_string($hash),
"ext_campaign_id" => mysql_real_escape_string($ext_campaign_id),
"ext_list_id"=> mysql_real_escape_string($ext_list_id),
];
$q = "INSERT INTO email_campaigns (".
// i.e create a string like `id`, `synd_id`, `campaign_id`.. with linebreaks for readability
implode(", \n", array_map(function($k){ return "`$k`"; }, array_keys($qData)))
.")
VALUES (".
// i.e '20', '532', '600' ..
implode(", \n", array_map(function($v){ return "'$v'"; }, array_values($qData)))
." ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE ".
// i.e `synd_id`='532', `campaign_id`='600' ...
// id & link_to_template table keys are excluded based on the array below
implode(", \n", array_filter(array_map(function($k, $v){ if(!in_array($k, ['id', 'link_to_template']) ) return "`$k`='$v'" ; }, array_keys($qData), array_values($qData)))) ;